VEES-100
Overview
The VEES-100 Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Simulator mimics actual tailpipe flow by generating precise gas compositions in customizable flow-rate patterns. VEES-100 removes the variability associated with vehicles, drivers, and dynamometers.
Results are made possible by incorporating high-precision mass flow controllers. This technology is especially critical for SULEV applications where overall SULEV test system verification requires the ability to generate very low levels of each constituent precisely with repeatability.
Applications:
Ideal for evaluating:
- Test system accuracy, repeatability and overall performance
- Cell to cell correlation for emissions and fuel economy
- Proportional sampling capacity of mini-diluters, particle samplers, and other devices
- Replaces a CFO for bag-only CVS injection tests, injecting up to five constituents with fixed or variable MFC flow rates.
- Useful for checking the accuracy of: Modal analytical systems, tailpipe volume measurement with ultrasonic flow meter, dilution air SAO, or CO2 tracer, bag-to-modal correlation, and assists in determining gas transport time delays for modal benches and mini-diluters.
Features
- VEES-100 have the ability to simulate any emission level from SULEV on up
- Air blower with motorized damper and subsonic venturi (SAO), which simulates tailpipe exhaust flow from 10-120 SCFM
- Five mass flow controllers, used for injection of THC, CO, CO2, NOx, and a spare gas (CH4 or other)
- A sixth mass flow controller for injection of nitrogen as a diluent when background contamination is an issue
- Rackmounted computer and National Instruments I/O with LabView system controller
- Injection levels are determined by MFC flow rate and gas bottle concentration.
Example:
FC FLOW RATE | BOTTLE CONCENTRATION | INJECTION LEVEL |
|---|---|---|
10 slpm | 3000 ppm C3 balance N2 | 50 mg/min THC |
10 slpm | 300 ppm C3 balance N2 | 5 mg/min THC |
- Tailpipe exhaust flow rate simulation from 10 scfm to 120 scfm
- Support for four modes of simulation:
- Fixed - the most basic operation, with fixed MFC and exhaust flow-rates over a specified interval of time
- Phase - build up to five timed phases, each containing an exhaust flow-rate and MFC set-points in either volume or mass units
- Ramp - repetitive ramp up/down sequences for exhaust flow and MFCs
- Modal - build a multi-phase, second-by-second (or 10 Hz) profile of grams per second (or target concentration) of each constituent and exhaust flow rate.
- Two methods of diluting the injection gases:
- Room air metered by an SAO assembly at flow rates up to 120 SCFM to simulate typical vehicle exhaust volume.
- Bottled nitrogen metered by an MFC at a maximum flow rate of 5 SCFM. Eliminates the effect of background air contaminants for verification of low-level analyzer readings. Recommended for SULEV simulation (especially THC when background levels exceed the desired injection level).
- Digital inputs for remote start/stop from a test cell computer
- Test cell computer interface using AK protocol via LAN
- Automatic zero-drift correction for all MFCs upon test initiation
- Test option to mathematically correct readings for background contaminants:
- Operator enters the background level of each constituent during pre-test. Mass from the air is added to injected mass from the MFCs.
- Built-in 10 point calibration utility for MFCs:
- User installs two SAOs (50 lpm and 150 lpm... optional) one at a time - at the calibration port of each MFC. System automatically reads the SAO flowrate at 10 different MFC settings and generates a calibration curve.
Alternative: User can enter data from a different calibration device (e.g. LFE or Molbloc) and VEES-100 will fit curve. - Stores test results in 10-hertz data files that can be imported into Microsoft Excel.
OPTIONS:
- 2 SAOs (50 lpm and 150 lpm) for calibrating the VEES MFCs
Manufactured by HORIBA
Specifications
Performance Specifications:
Item | Range | MFC Model, Gas | Accuracy | Response |
|---|---|---|---|---|
MFC1 | 3 to 150 lpm | STEC 4600, N2 | + 1% FS | < 1 sec. |
MFC2 | 3 to 150 lpm | Brooks 5853S, CO2 | + 1% FS | < 1 sec. |
MFC3 | 1 to 50 lpm | STEC 4550, NO | + 1% FS | < 1 sec. |
MFC4 | 0.5 to 25 lpm | STEC 4550, CO | + 1% FS | < 1 sec. |
MFC5 | 0.2 to 10 lpm | STEC 4500, HC | + 1% FS | < 1 sec. |
MFC6 | 1 to 50 lpm | STEC 4500, Spare | + 1% FS | < 1 sec. |
Exhaust | 10 to 120 cfm | SAO, Air | + 0.5 % FS | < 1 sec. |
Other Specifications:
System Configuration | Main unit, including CPU and keyboard |
|---|---|
Connection of Piping | Gas inlets/outlets: 3/8 in Swagelok quick-connect fittings |
Utilities | Set bottle pressures to 40 PSI (275 kPa) |
Power Supply | 115/120/220 V AC, 50/60Hz, single phase |
Power Capacity | Max. 2 kVA |
Dimensions | 22.25 in (565 mm) (W) x 39.5 in (1003 mm) (H) x 42 in (1067 mm) (D), monitor adds 18 in (457 mm) (H) |
Mass | Approx. 300 lbs (660 kg) |
Environment | Temperature 60 to 90°F (15.5 to 32°C) |
Related SAE Papers:
Click below to order the paper's directly from SAE
"Improved Low-Emission Vehicle Simulator for Evaluation of Sampling and Analytical Systems"
SAE Paper 2001-01-0212
"Simulation of Low Level Vehicle Exhaust Emissions for Evaluation of Sampling and Analytical Systems"
SAE Paper 2001-01-0211
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