Optical Spectroscopy
Single Channel Detectors
HORIBA Scientific offer two types of single channel detectors for use with scanning spectrometers - Photomultiplier Tubes (PMT) and Solid State Detectors. For multichannel applications with spectrographs, a range of CCD Detectors is available. We also offer Lock-in Amplifier Controllers.
The Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) Detector
PMT detectors typically offer much higher sensitivity than solid state detectors and operate effectively in the UV/VIS and NIR. However, typically their spectral coverage is limited to about 950 nm. PMT detectors also require high voltage power supplies.
The PMT detectors offered by HORIBA Scientific are high quality PMTs in ambient or water cooled housings and head-on or side-on configurations.
| Model | PMT Type, Cooling & Housing | Spectral Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1911 (F or G) | R928 multi-alkali PMT Ambient cooled Side window housing | 190-860 nm | Requires HV source between 200-1200V |
| 1914 (F or G) | R928 multi-alkali PMT Water / TE cooled Side window housing | 190-860 nm | Requires HV source and can go to 1500V. Use current input or photon counting. Also includes 1630C field lens adapter. |
Solid State Detectors
Solid state detectors are opto-electronic devices used to convert incident photons to electronic signals. Available with wavelength ranges from below 200 nm to beyond 20 µm, solid state detectors offer sensitivity, dependability, cost and efficiency.
HORIBA Scientific has a large number of solid state detectors that cover any application. They are available as ambient, thermoelectric, or liquid nitrogen cooled depending on your sensitivity needs.
Solid state detectors can be divided into three classes: photoemissive, photoconductive and dual color.
Photoemissive detectors are fast, sensitive detectors which generally do not require lock-in amplifiers and choppers except for low-light applications where a chopper and lock-in are recommended. Their upper spectral range is limited to about 5µm.
Photoconductive detectors are slower and not as sensitive but are available up to 12 µm or beyond. A chopper and lock-in are required with photoconductive detectors.
Dual Color detectors are sandwich detectors with usually a silicon detector in front and a second detector behind. The silicon operates up to 1.1 µm above which it becomes transparent and the second detector cuts in. Detector efficiency of the silicon drops by about 40%, the second detector efficiency remains the same. Dual color detectors incorporating PbS and PbSe require a chopper and lock-in amplifier which are also recommended for rest.
To maximize the sensitivity of the solid state detectors, we offer an Infrared Detector Housing for use with all the DSS detectors. The housing includes an elliptical mirror which concentrates the signal at a 6:1 ratio on a 90 degree beam path. By using mirror optics, the energy is at focus on the detector at all wavelengths.
Photoemissive Detectors
| Type | Cooling | Spectral Range | NEP | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Silicon (Si) | Uncooled | 0.2 - 1.1 µm | - | Unamplified. Large area 10 x 10 mm. NEP determined by analogue input |
| Germanium (Ge) | Uncooled | 0.8 - 1.8 µm | 7 x 10-13 | Preamplified. Requires ±15V |
| Germanium (Ge) | TE Cooled | 0.8 - 1.75 µm | 5 x 10-14 | Preamplified. Requires ±15V |
| Germanium (Ge) | LN cooled | 0.8 - 1.5 µm | 2.5 x 10-15 | |
| Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) | Uncooled | 0.8 - 1.7 µm | 6 x 10-14 | Preamplified. Requires ±15V |
| Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) | TE Cooled | 0.8 - 1.65 µm | 1 x 10-14 | Preamplified. Requires ±15V |
| Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) | LN Cooled | 0.8 - 1.6 µm | 1 x 10-15 | Preamplified. Requires ±15V |
| Indium Arsenide (InAs) | Uncooled | 1 - 3.6 µm | 2 x 10-10 | Preamplified. Requires ±15V |
| Indium Arsenide (InAs) | TE Cooled | 1 - 3.55 µm | 1 x 10-11 | Preamplified. Requires +/-15V |
Photoconductive Detectors
| Type | Cooling | Spectral Range | NEP | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead Sulphide (PbS) | Uncooled | 1 - 3 µm | 2 x 10-12 | Preamplified. Requires ±15V. Chop speed 100-500Hz |
| Lead Sulphide (PbS) | TE Cooled | 1 - 3 µm | 1 x 10-12 | Preamplified. Requires ±15V. Chop speed 100-500Hz |
| Lead Selenide (PbSe) | TE Cooled | 1 - 5 µm | 2 x 10-11 | Preamplified. Requires +/-15V. Chop speed 1KHz |
| Mercury Cadmium Telluride (HgCdTe) | TE Cooled | 1 - 5 µm* | 1 x 10-11 | Preamplified. Requires ± 15V. Chop speed 1KHz. *Wavelength response can be modified with loss in range. |
| Mercury Cadmium Telluride (HgCdTe) | TE Cooled | 1 - 10 µm* | 1 x 10-8 | Preamplified. Requires ± 15V. Chop speed 2KHz - 10KHz. *Wavelength response can be modified with loss in range. |
| Mercury Cadmium Telluride (HgCdTe) | LN Cooled | 1 - 14 µm* | 6 x 10-12 | Preamplified. Requires ±15V. Chop speed 2KHz - 14KHz. *Wavelength response can be modified with loss in range. |
| Mercury Cadmium Telluride (HgCdTe) | LN Cooled | 1 - 20 µm* | 2 x 10-11 | Preamplified. Requires ±15V. Chop speed 2KHz - 20KHz. *Wavelength response can be modified with loss in range. |
Dual Color Detectors
| Type | Cooling | Spectral Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Si/InGaAs | Uncooled | 0.3 - 1.7 µm | Preamplified. Requires ±15V |
| Si/InGaAs | TE Cooled | 0.3 - 1.65 µm | Preamplified. Requires ±15V |
| Si/Ge | TE Cooled | 0.3 - 1.75 µm | Preamplified. Requires ±15V |
| Si/PbS | TE Cooled | 0.3 - 3 µm | Preamplified. Requires ±15V |
| Si/PbSe | TE Cooled | 0.3 - 5 µm | Preamplified. Requires ±15V |
| Si/InAs | Uncooled | 0.3 - 3.6 µm | Preamplified. Requires ±15V |
| Si/InAs | TE Cooled | 0.3 - 3.55 µm | Preamplified. Requires ±15V |
Contact us for additional options.
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