材料科学

Toner is a primary component of the electrophotographic printing and copying processes. The synthesized toner particles must exhibit some special characteristics such as particle size and shape to obtain high quality and high-resolution printed images. Utilization of smaller particle size toners has been suggested to be effective in achieving high image quality. In this study, the analysis of the particle size distribution of black toner is optimized using HORIBA Partica LA-960V2 laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer.

A pigment obtains, for example, its maximum colour effect only in a narrow particle size range below 1 to 2 microns. Therefore, understanding particle size distribution of calcium carbonates becomes one of the foremost parameters to be examined. In this study, the particle size distribution of the two different grades of calcium carbonate was investigated using HORIBA Partica LA-960V2 Laser Scattering Particle Size Distribution Analyzer.

Laser diffraction is a popular method for particle characterization. Coupled with an image analysis unit, we can compare in real time the classical values of D10, 50, 90 and get information about the shape or dispersion state of our particles, thus proving the usefulness of this complementary technique.

Carbon, as a constituent of matter, is broadly classified into organic carbon and inorganic carbon. Organic carbon refers to carbon contained in organic materials, while inorganic carbon refers to elemental carbon and carbonate carbon. The presence of carbonate in a sample taken from an unknown planet indicates the possibility of the presence of water on that planet. Therefore, the determination of carbonate is very important in space science.

In recent years, core-shell particles have attracted significant attention due to their smart properties. Size, morphology, and composition are the key features that strongly affect the performance and suitable applications of such structures.

The challenges of developing stable perovskite material and fabrication processes for commercial use require the use of several spectroscopic techniques such as Raman, Photoluminescence (PL), and Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL), etc. to characterize and optimize the material design and fabrication processes.

The Fluorolog-QM’s advanced modularity supports the characterization of electroluminescent materials across a broad time range, from nanoseconds to seconds, without the need for external devices.

Polysilicon, the raw material for silicon wafers, requires strict control of carbon content, which affects its conductivity. As higher purity silicon wafers are required, it is important to understand the amount of carbon contained in polysilicon supplied as a material. However, some carbon is present as carbonate and some is attached as CO2, making it very difficult to distinguish between them and analyze the extremely small amount of carbon.

Graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice, exhibits remarkable electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties, making it a subject of extensive research in various scientific fields.

Van der Waals heterostructures, with their unique properties arising from the weak interlayer coupling and strong in-plane bonding, offer exciting opportunities for the design of novel materials with tailored electronic, optical, and mechanical properties.

Mono-disperse polystyrene latex (PSL) standards are commonly used to verify accuracy and proper operation of laser diffraction particle size analyzers. As these materials are somewhat different from normal materials, proper conditions and procedures are necessary to ensure correct results.

Because Raman spectroscopy provides information on molecular composition, it is an ideal tool for studying chemical reactions. In particular it has been used successfully for studying polymerization where the change often involves the disappearance of a carbon double bond (>C=C<) as the polymer chain is lengthened by the addition of a monomeric group. In this note we will be looking at epoxy cure which is a reaction that causes cross-linking during the polymerization process to form a solid with fixed three-dimensional geometry.

A mixed sample of fourteen sizes of monodispersed PSL was used to evaluate the resolution and quantitative capability of the centrifugal sedimentation method.

A mixed sample of five sizes of monodispersed PSL was used to evaluate the resolution and quantitative capability of the centrifugal sedimentation method.

Certified National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) traceable polystyrene latex (PSL) size standards made by Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (TFS) were used to evaluate the resolution of the centrifugal sedimentation method.

In general particle size analyzers, particles of the same size are measured as the same size regardless of material, making it difficult to separate particles of different materials when they are mixed together. The centrifugal sedimentation particle size analyzer measures the sedimentation speed and converts it into a particle size value using the density information of the particles. Therefore, particles of the same size but different densities will have different settling speed and can be measured separately.

Calcium hydroxide, also called slaked lime or hydrated lime, is a powder widely used in the chemical industry. The surface area of calcium hydroxide plays a key role in determining the manner and rate at which it reacts in chemical processes.

One of the most widely distributed and common clay minerals is Kaolinite, a soft mineral produced by the chemical weathering of aluminum silicate minerals like feldspar. Kaolinite is milled to obtain target particle sizes and surface areas which are key to its use in different applications.

The surface area of bentonite is important because it significantly influences its reactivity, adsorption capacity, and effectiveness in various applications. Bentonite clay can have a high surface area due to its unique layered structure and microscopic particle size.

The surface area of calcium carbonate plays a crucial role in determining its reactivity, effectiveness, and performance in various applications. A larger surface area means more opportunities for reactions with other substances, such as acids or other chemicals.

Hydroxyapatite is a naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite. It is the main mineral component of vertebrate bones and teeth and is also found in some other tissues like dentin and enamel.

Aluminum oxide, or alumina, is a compound composed of aluminum and oxygen. It is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth’s crust and has many practical applications due to its unique properties.

Graphite’s properties stem from its hexagonal lattice structure. It is composed of carbon atoms arranged in layers, each consisting of interconnected hexagonal rings. These layers can easily slide past one another, giving graphite its characteristic lubricity.

三十年来，人们一直致力于三维结构的碳化研究，特别是在电子应用中。这些结构是在光刻技术的帮助下制备的，然后进行热解。为了制作100纳米以下的特征，尝试使用脂质纳米管的自下而上方法。

In this article, we present the combination of Raman spectroscopy, Photoluminescence and SEM-CL techniques, where the instruments weren’t physically connected. Smart nanostructured materials require a comprehensive understanding of their morphology, elemental and chemical composition. nanoGPS Suite solution allows a colocalized combination of a variety of microscopy techniques, providing a full characterization of nanostructured materials and a precise superimposition of the results obtained.

Graphene oxide is a nanocarbon material with a high aspect ratio and a high surface area with a thickness of about 1 nm and a sheet length of several to tens of microns.

Graphene oxide is a nanocarbon material with a high aspect ratio and a high surface area with a thickness of about 1 nm and a sheet length of several to tens of microns.

Gold nanorods are rod-shaped gold nanoparticles. Fig. 1 shows that gold nanorods have two surface plasmon bands in the directions of the short and long axes derived from their anisotropic shapes.

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are attracting attention and being utilized as cutting-edge materials, including battery materials, due to their lightness, strength, and current density resistance. Various applications have been developed based on these characteristics.

Silica particle size standards with National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) traceable certified mean diameters are suitable for a wide variety of particle measurement applications. This time, four types of monodispersed colloidal silica Sigma-AldrichTM (SA) were mixed to evaluate the resolution and quantitative capability of the centrifugal sedimentation method.

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are needle-like materials with a width of about 5-20 nm and a length of about 100-250 nm defibrated using chemical treatment. It is important to understand the fiber size and dispersion state. It is necessary to have an analysis method that can quickly evaluate a wide ranges of particle size distribution for separated particles to agglomerates.

Nanocellulose is a fibrous material derived from wood and is used as composite materials, etc. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are needle-like materials with a width of about 5-20 nm and a length of about 100-250 nm defibrated using chemical treatment. CNC is cheaper and more attractive than other high-performance nanomaterials as an alternative to some other petrochemical products. It is expected to be useable for oil spill cleaning, engineering, pharmaceuticals, container substitutes, biodegradable food packaging, etc. It is important to understand the fiber size and dispersion state. It is necessary to have an analysis method that can quickly evaluate a wide ranges of particle size distribution for separated particles to agglomerates.

Nanocellulose is a fibrous substance derived from wood and is attracting attention as a cutting-edge material. Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) manufactured by TEMPO oxidation are cellulose fibers that have added carboxy groups at high density. This type of CNF is made with high efficiency and is characterized by a very thin and uniform fiber width of about 3 nm. To utilize nanocellulose, it is important to understand the fiber diameter and dispersion state. To do so, it is necessary to have an analytical method that can quickly evaluate a wide ranges of particle size distribution, from well-dispersed particles to agglomerates at high resolution.

Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP) technology is used as an indispensable fundamental technology in the manufacturing process of ultra-large-scale semiconductor integrated circuits (ULSI). CMP is a technique in which the surface of a substrate is softened, removed or flattened by chemical etching and frictional abrasion with a chemical slurry that contains abrasive particles. Fumed silica abrasive particles are synthesized in a gas phase reaction in flame and are dispersed as secondary particles that are aggregates of primary particles. They are known to have thiogenic properties. Although the rate of polishing is high for fumed silica, its polishing precision is inferior to that of colloidal silica.

MXenes is the largest and fastest growing 2D materials. They have unique properties such as good conductivity and a hydrophilic surface. The control of nanoscale composition would ultimately allow for engineering properties locally, gaining more control over the 2D material-based systems.

Nanocellulose is a fibrous material derived from wood that is applied to composite materials and is attracting attention as an advanced material. In order to utilize nanocellulose, it is important to understand the fiber diameter and dispersion state. 3 types of nanocellulose were analyzed using the Partica CENTRIFUGE centrifugal nanoparticle analyzer.